In muscle physiology, plays a central role in the balance between atrophy and hypertrophy. When recruited by MSTN, promotes atrophy response via phosphorylated SMAD2/4. MSTN decrease causes SMAD4 release and subsequent recruitment by the BMP pathway to promote hypertrophy via phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8.
Acts synergistically with SMAD1 and YY1 in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated cardiac-specific gene expression. Binds to SMAD binding elements (SBEs) (5'-GTCT/AGAC-3') within BMP response element (BMPRE) of cardiac activating regions (By similarity). Common SMAD (co-SMAD) is the coactivator and mediator of signal transduction by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor).
Component of the heterotrimeric SMAD2/SMAD3-SMAD4 complex that forms in the nucleus and is required for the TGF-mediated signaling (PubMed:25514493). Promotes binding of the SMAD2/SMAD4/FAST-1 complex to DNA and provides an activation function required for SMAD1 or SMAD2 to stimulate transcription. Component of the multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex which forms at the AP1 promoter site; required for synergistic transcriptional activity in response to TGF-beta.
May act as a tumor suppressor. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator
Monomer; in the absence of TGF-beta activation (PubMed:9670020). Heterotrimer; on TGF-beta activation (PubMed:15799969). Heterotrimer composed of two molecules of a C-terminally phosphorylated R-SMAD molecule, SMAD2 or SMAD3, and one molecule of SMAD4 to form the transcriptional active SMAD2/SMAD3-SMAD4 complex (PubMed:15350224, PubMed:15799969).
Found in a ternary complex composed of SMAD4, STK11/LKB1 and STK11IP. Found in a complex with SMAD1 and YY1 (By similarity). Identified in a complex that contains at least ZNF451, SMAD2, SMAD3 and SMAD4 (PubMed:24324267).
Interacts with ATF2, COPS5, DACH1, MSG1, SKI, STK11/LKB1, STK11IP and TRIM33. Associates with ZNF423 or ZNF521 in response to BMP2 leading to activate transcription of BMP target genes. Interacts with USP9X.
Interacts (via the MH1 and MH2 domains) with RBPMS. Interacts with WWTR1 (via coiled-coil domain). Interacts with CITED1 and CITED2.
Interacts with PDPK1 (via PH domain) (By similarity). Interacts with VPS39; this interaction affects heterodimer formation with SMAD3, but not with SMAD2, and leads to inhibition of SMAD3-dependent transcription activation. Interactions with VPS39 and SMAD2 may be mutually exclusive.
Interacts (via MH2 domain) with ZNF451 (via N-terminal zinc-finger domains) (PubMed:24324267). Interacts with ZC3H3 (By similarity). Interacts weakly with ZNF8 (PubMed:12370310).
Interacts with NUP93 and IPO7; translocates SMAD4 to the nucleus through the NPC upon BMP7 stimulation resulting in activation of SMAD4 signaling (PubMed:26878725). Interacts with CREB3L1, the interaction takes place upon TGFB1 induction and SMAD4 acts as a CREB3L1 coactivator to induce the expression of genes involved in the assembly of collagen extracellular matrix (PubMed:25310401). Interacts with DLX1 (PubMed:14671321).
Interacts with ZBTB7A; the interaction is direct and stimulated by TGFB1 (PubMed:25514493). Interacts with CREBBP; the recruitment of this transcriptional coactivator is negatively regulated by ZBTB7A (PubMed:25514493). Interacts with EP300; the interaction with this transcriptional coactivator is negatively regulated by ZBTB7A (PubMed:25514493).
Interacts with HDAC1 (PubMed:25514493). Interacts (via MH2 domain) with ZMIZ1 (via SP-RING-type domain); in the TGF-beta signaling pathway increases the activity of the SMAD3/SMAD4 transcriptional complex (PubMed:16777850). Interacts (via N-terminus) with TSC22D1 (PubMed:15881652)
The MH1 domain is required for DNA binding
The MH2 domain is required for both homomeric and heteromeric interactions and for transcriptional regulation. Sufficient for nuclear import
A malignant neoplasm of the pancreas. Tumors can arise from both the exocrine and endocrine portions of the pancreas, but 95% of them develop from the exocrine portion, including the ductal epithelium, acinar cells, connective tissue, and lymphatic tissue.
Autosomal dominant gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyposis syndrome in which patients are at risk for developing gastrointestinal cancers. The lesions are typified by a smooth histological appearance, predominant stroma, cystic spaces and lack of a smooth muscle core. Multiple juvenile polyps usually occur in a number of Mendelian disorders.
Sometimes, these polyps occur without associated features as in JPS; here, polyps tend to occur in the large bowel and are associated with an increased risk of colon and other gastrointestinal cancers.
JP/HHT syndrome phenotype consists of the coexistence of juvenile polyposis (JIP) and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) [MIM:187300] in a single individual. JIP and HHT are autosomal dominant disorders with distinct and non-overlapping clinical features. The former, an inherited gastrointestinal malignancy predisposition, is caused by mutations in SMAD4 or BMPR1A, and the latter is a vascular malformation disorder caused by mutations in ENG or ACVRL1.
All four genes encode proteins involved in the transforming-growth-factor-signaling pathway. Although there are reports of patients and families with phenotypes of both disorders combined, the genetic etiology of this association is unknown.
A complex disease characterized by malignant lesions arising from the inner wall of the large intestine (the colon) and the rectum. Genetic alterations are often associated with progression from premalignant lesion (adenoma) to invasive adenocarcinoma. Risk factors for cancer of the colon and rectum include colon polyps, long-standing ulcerative colitis, and genetic family history.
An autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by pre- and postnatal growth deficiency, intellectual disability, generalized muscle hypertrophy and striking muscular build, decreased joint mobility, cryptorchidism, and unusual facies. Dysmorphic facial features include microcephaly, midface hypoplasia, prognathism, and blepharophimosis. Typical skeletal anomalies are short stature, square body shape, broad ribs, iliac hypoplasia, brachydactyly, flattened vertebrae, and thickened calvaria.
Other features, such as congenital heart disease, may also occur.
| Cancer Type | Mutation Percentage |
|---|---|
| Central Nervous System Astrocytoma Grade Iv | 1.14% |
| Lung Adenocarcinoma | 2.62% |
| Lung Small Cell Carcinoma | 1.19% |
| Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma | 1.77% |
| Oesophagus Adenocarcinoma | 7.43% |
| Oesophagus Squamous Cell Carcinoma | 0.59% |
| Pancreas Ductal Carcinoma | 16.34% |
Genes with an experimentally identified or computationally predicted synthetic-lethal relationship to SMAD4, aggregated across our SSL data sources. Click any partner node to view that gene’s page.
Nodes and edges are coloured by the SSL data source. Partners appearing in more than one source are shown in grey.
Total Trials Found: 8
| NCT ID | Condition | Brief Title | Phase | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01921751 | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Stage III Pancreatic Cancer | High or Standard Intensity Radiation Therapy After Gemcitabine Hydrochloride and Nab-paclitaxel in Treating Patients With Pancreatic Cancer That Cannot Be Removed by Surgery | PHASE2 | TERMINATED |
| NCT05632484 | Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia | Genotype Expression and Phenotype of Endothelial Cells, Carrying an ACVRL1, ENG or SMAD4 Mutation, in Response to BMP9 for the Identification of New Therapeutic Targets in Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia | NA | COMPLETED |
| NCT04759261 | Basal Cell Carcinoma | SMAD4 Methylation and Expression Levels in Non-melanocytic Skin Cancers; SMAD4 Protein Positivity | NA | UNKNOWN |
| NCT03524677 | Pancreatic Cancer | Mutation of K-RAS, CDKN2A, SMAD4 and TP53 in Pancreatic Cancer: Role of Liquid Biopsy in Preoperative Diagnosis | N/A | UNKNOWN |
| NCT01987518 | Quality of Life | French Digestive Polyposis Cohorte Family Adenomatous Polyposis With APC and MYH Gene Mutations , Cowden's Disease With PTEN Gene Mutation, Peutz Jeghers Disease With STK 11 Gene Mutation ,juvénil Polyposis With SMAD 4 Gene Mutation , Serrated and Hyperplastic Polyposis | N/A | UNKNOWN |
| NCT05420064 | BRCA1 Mutation, POLD1 Gene Mutation, CDKN2A Mutation, BRCA2 Mutation, POLE Gene Mutation, APC Gene Mutation, ATM Gene Mutation, MLH1 Gene Mutation, BARD1 Gene Mutation, MSH2 Gene Mutation, BRIP1 Gene Mutation, MSH6 Gene Mutation, CHEK2 Gene Mutation, PMS2 Gene Mutation, PALB2 Gene Mutation, EPCAM Gene Mutation, RAD51C Gene Mutation, BMPR1A Gene Mutation, RAD51D Gene Mutation, SMAD4, PTEN Gene Mutation, GREM1 | An Intervention to Increase Genetic Testing in Families Who May Share a Gene Mutation Related to Cancer Risk and An Intervention to Help Patients and Their Primary Care Providers Stay Up-to-date About Uncertain Genetic Test Results | NA | RECRUITING |
| NCT06163365 | Li Fraumeni Syndrome, Lynch Syndrome, Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer, Cowden Syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome, Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, SMAD4 Gene Mutation, MutYH-associated Polyposis | Inherited Cancer Early Diagnosis (ICED) Study | N/A | UNKNOWN |
| NCT06712095 | Lynch Syndrome, Li Fraumeni Syndrome, PTEN Hamartoma Syndrome, FAP, MUTYH Biallelic Mutation, STK11 Mutation, CDH1 Gene Mutation, CHEK2 Gene Mutation, BMPR1A Gene Mutation, SMAD4 Gene Mutation | Video Capsule Examination in Patients With Lynch Syndrome | NA | RECRUITING |